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When
the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation was established in 1955, children with cystic
fibrosis (CF) rarely lived long enough to attend elementary school. Due in
large part to the CF Foundation's aggressive investments in innovative research
and comprehensive care, many people with the disease can now expect to live
into their 30s, 40s and beyond.
The Alzheimer's Association® is the leading voluntary health organization in Alzheimer care and support and the largest private, nonprofit funder of Alzheimer research.
Staff Sergeant Mark Thompson convinced the Army that having type-1 diabetes should not keep him from serving in Iraq. Thompson, 28, is an Iowa native. He has been married for nine years and has a son, Kyle, who is two years old. He has always had something of a travel bug, and it was this desire to see the world that inspired Thompson to join the Army. That, and the stories he heard from his college roommate -- an older student who had served in the Vietnam War. As Thompson listened, the Army started to sound like an adventure.
Staff Sergeant Mark Thompson convinced the Army that having type-1 diabetes should not keep him from serving in Iraq. Thompson, 28, is an Iowa native. He has been married for nine years and has a son, Kyle, who is two years old. He has always had something of a travel bug, and it was this desire to see the world that inspired Thompson to join the Army. That, and the stories he heard from his college roommate -- an older student who had served in the Vietnam War. As Thompson listened, the Army started to sound like an adventure. Thompson also needed money for college, so in 1996, he signed on for four years, expecting to do his time and then finish his education. But Thompson never went back to school. He had found his place, and it was in the Army. He was a “lifer.”
Then in 2000, Thompson began losing a lot of weight. He felt thirsty and tired all the time. One morning he collapsed during a run. When Thompson made it to the hospital, his glucose level was over 600. The doctors told him he had type-1 diabetes. This diagnosis could have meant the end of his career. Plenty of soldiers who are diagnosed with serious medical conditions must leave because they cannot prove they are healthy enough to do the Army's work. Thompson was determined not to end up like one of those soldiers. He went from having an A1C of 12.5 percent at the time of diagnosis to 6.2 by the time the Army's medical board reviewed his case in 2002. Because he was able to manage the disease so well, the board found him “fit for duty.” Thompson's victory was not absolute. He was told that while he could continue serving, he would not be allowed to do it from combat zones where refrigeration and medical supplies are hard to come by. The Battle At Home but Thompson wanted to go where he was needed most, and by 2002, war had broken out in Afghanistan.
A year later, American soldiers also were moving into Iraq. Thompson is a career counselor, which means that he helps soldiers choose career paths within the Army and asks them to reenlist. “I'd be sitting across from a soldier with a [combat] patch, counseling him, and I wouldn't have the combat experience,” Thompson said. “It just didn't seem right.” In the spring of 2003, Thompson's division, the 1st Infantry, received word that it would be deploying to Iraq in January 2004. Thompson was assigned to the “rear detachment,” which meant staying at the first Infantry's home base in Germany. “Rear detachment has an important job,” Thompson said. “But it's not where I wanted to be. It's not why I joined the Army.” So Thompson did some homework. He called to make sure the military base hospital in Tikrit could stock a five-month emergency supply of the insulin he uses -- fast acting for his pump, and some NPH to mix with it if he needed to use syringes. He bought a camping refrigerator that he had converted so that it could be plugged into a Humvee. Thompson wears an insulin pump, and his main challenge would be keeping the insulin at 86°F or less, all while on the go in a place where temperatures can soar well over 100°F. He discovered reusable Frio pouches, which are made of a special material that is activated when the pouches are immersed in water. They keep contents cool for well over a day in such temperatures. If the pouches failed or if the pump broke, he could get insulin from the hospital and switch to the backup syringes he would be carrying. Thompson's research paid off. Lieutenant Colonel Michael Brumage, MD, division surgeon, 1st Infantry Division, initially thought it was too risky. But Thompson “showed me that he had a comprehensive knowledge of his body, his diet, his insulin needs, and that he also had an in-depth trouble-shooting plan,” Brumage said. Thompson had the permission he needed, but with a few conditions: He would carry an eight-month supply of insulin, catheters, spare blood glucose meters, and syringes everywhere he went. And if his glucose levels fluctuated too much, or if his health was in danger, he would be on the next plane back to Germany.
In Iraq after that initial two-day drive into the heart of Iraq, Thompson traveled around the country, visiting the first Infantry's various units. “I kept multiple baggies of food with me all the time -- Nutri-Grain bars, power bars, any quick source of food I could pick up at the dining hall.” When things were relatively calm, soldiers could just wear bulletproof vests. But most of the time they had to wear full combat gear: vests, body armor, eye protection, helmet, ammunition, and supplies. The whole ensemble weighs at least 60 pounds and it was too much for Thompson's pump. In April 2004, the pump broke under the pressure. It was the worst possible time. Thompson and his peers were subsisting on prepackaged, nonperishable meals that feed soldiers when regular food supplies are for some reason cut off. These meals made it hard for Thompson to calculate carbohydrates, and without his pump, it was hard to keep a steady supply of insulin. But Thompson told himself he was not going to be sent home. He checked his levels 10 times a day for the next 4 weeks until his replacement pump arrived, and he put the new pump in a lower pocket to protect it. The checking and emergency planning paid off: Thompson's A1C during his time in Iraq stayed at about 6.5 percent. Home Again Summer came, bringing a blast of unimaginable heat. By June, the whole division had stopped wearing full body armor because it was simply unbearable. Temperatures hit upwards of 130ºF; even the rock candy Thompson's mother had sent from home melted. The desert air, especially if there was any wind, “felt like sticking your head in the oven while cooking the Thanksgiving turkey,” Thompson said. But Thompson was holding his own and so were his pouches. He never even needed the refrigerator. And by February of this year, Thompson had completed his tour of duty in Iraq. Thompson thinks often of his time there, of that harrowing drive to Tikrit, of the sinking feeling he had the day he realized his pump was broken. He also feels proud, because while the final chapter of the war in Iraq has yet to be written, Thompson waged his own war, of sorts, to be part of the experience there. And he won.
When
the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation was established in 1955, children with cystic
fibrosis (CF) rarely lived long enough to attend elementary school. Due in
large part to the CF Foundation's aggressive investments in innovative research
and comprehensive care, many people with the disease can now expect to live
into their 30s, 40s and beyond.
